Banner ads

Banner ads are rectangular ads that occupy a portion of an app's layout. They stay on screen while users are interacting with the app, either anchored at the top or bottom of the screen or inline with content as the user scrolls. Banner ads can refresh automatically after a certain period of time. See Overview of banner ads for more information.

This guide shows you how to get started with anchored adaptive banner ads, which maximizes performance by optimizing the ad size for each device using an ad width you specify.

Anchored adaptive banner ads are fixed aspect ratio ads rather than the regular fixed size ads. The aspect ratio is similar to 320x50 industry standard. Once you specify the full width available, it will return you an ad with optimal height for that width. The optimal height doesn't change across requests from the same device, and the surrounding views don't need to move when the ad refreshes.

Prerequisites

• Complete the Get started guide.

Always test with test ads

When building and testing your apps, make sure you use test ads rather than live, production ads. Failure to do so can lead to suspension of your account.

The easiest way to load test ads is to use our dedicated test ad unit ID for Android banners:

ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/9214589741

It's been specially configured to return test ads for every request, and you can use it in your own apps while coding, testing, and debugging. Just make sure you replace it with your own ad unit ID before publishing your app.

For more information about how the Mobile Ads SDK's test ads work, see Test Ads.

Add AdView to the layout

You create a banner by determining the ad size. Complete the following steps:

1. Create a full-width anchored adaptive ad size:

   Java

   // Get the ad size with screen width.
   public AdSize getAdSize() {
     DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
     int adWidthPixels = displayMetrics.widthPixels;
   
     if (VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.R) {
       WindowMetrics windowMetrics = this.getWindowManager().getCurrentWindowMetrics();
       adWidthPixels = windowMetrics.getBounds().width();
     }
   
     float density = displayMetrics.density;
     int adWidth = (int) (adWidthPixels / density);
     return AdSize.getCurrentOrientationAnchoredAdaptiveBannerAdSize(this, adWidth);
   }
   MyActivity.java
   

   Kotlin

   // Get the ad size with screen width.
   private val adSize: AdSize
     get() {
       val displayMetrics = resources.displayMetrics
       val adWidthPixels =
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
           val windowMetrics: WindowMetrics = this.windowManager.currentWindowMetrics
           windowMetrics.bounds.width()
         } else {
           displayMetrics.widthPixels
         }
       val density = displayMetrics.density
       val adWidth = (adWidthPixels / density).toInt()
       return AdSize.getCurrentOrientationAnchoredAdaptiveBannerAdSize(this, adWidth)
     }
   MainActivity.kt
   

2. Create an AdView using the ad size and add it to your app's layout:

   Java

   // Create a new ad view.
   adView = new AdView(this);
   adView.setAdUnitId(AD_UNIT_ID);
   adView.setAdSize(getAdSize());
   
   // Replace ad container with new ad view.
   adContainerView.removeAllViews();
   adContainerView.addView(adView);
   MyActivity.java
   

   Kotlin

   // Create a new ad view.
   val adView = AdView(this)
   adView.adUnitId = AD_UNIT_ID
   adView.setAdSize(adSize)
   this.adView = adView
   
   // Replace ad container with new ad view.
   binding.adViewContainer.removeAllViews()
   binding.adViewContainer.addView(adView)
   MainActivity.kt
   

Load an ad

Once the AdView is in place, the next step is to load an ad. That's done with the loadAd() method in the AdView class. It takes an AdRequest parameter, which holds runtime information, such as targeting info, about a single ad request.

Key Point: Make all calls to the Mobile Ads SDK on the main thread.

Here's an example that shows how to load an ad:

Java

// Start loading the ad in the background.
AdRequest adRequest = new AdRequest.Builder().build();
adView.loadAd(adRequest);
MyActivity.java

Kotlin

// Start loading the ad in the background.
val adRequest = AdRequest.Builder().build()
adView.loadAd(adRequest)
MainActivity.kt

If successful, your app is ready to display banner ads.

Tip: You can use ad load calls to build up a cache of preloaded ads before you intend to show them, so that ads can be shown with zero latency when needed. Since ads expire after an hour, you should clear this cache and reload with new ads every hour.

Refresh an ad

If you configured your ad unit to refresh, you don't need to request another ad when the ad fails to load. The Google Mobile Ads SDK respects any refresh rate you specified in the AdMob UI. If you haven't enabled refresh, issue a new request. For more details on ad unit refresh, such as setting a refresh rate, see Use automatic refresh for Banner ads.

Note: When setting a refresh rate in the AdMob UI, the automatic refresh occurs only if the banner is visible on screen.

Ad events

You can listen for a number of events in the ad's lifecycle, including loading, ad impression and click, as well as ad open and close events. It is recommended to set the callback before loading the banner.

Java

adView.setAdListener(new AdListener() {
    @Override
    public void onAdClicked() {
      // Code to be executed when the user clicks on an ad.
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdClosed() {
      // Code to be executed when the user is about to return
      // to the app after tapping on an ad.
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdFailedToLoad(LoadAdError adError) {
      // Code to be executed when an ad request fails.
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdImpression() {
      // Code to be executed when an impression is recorded
      // for an ad.
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdLoaded() {
      // Code to be executed when an ad finishes loading.
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdOpened() {
      // Code to be executed when an ad opens an overlay that
      // covers the screen.
    }
});

Kotlin

adView.adListener = object: AdListener() {
    override fun onAdClicked() {
      // Code to be executed when the user clicks on an ad.
    }

    override fun onAdClosed() {
      // Code to be executed when the user is about to return
      // to the app after tapping on an ad.
    }

    override fun onAdFailedToLoad(adError : LoadAdError) {
      // Code to be executed when an ad request fails.
    }

    override fun onAdImpression() {
      // Code to be executed when an impression is recorded
      // for an ad.
    }

    override fun onAdLoaded() {
      // Code to be executed when an ad finishes loading.
    }

    override fun onAdOpened() {
      // Code to be executed when an ad opens an overlay that
      // covers the screen.
    }
}

Each of the overridable methods in AdListener corresponds to an event in the lifecycle of an ad.

Overridable methods
onAdClicked()	The onAdClicked() method is invoked when a click is recorded for an ad.
onAdClosed()	The onAdClosed() method is invoked when a user returns to the app after viewing an ad's destination URL. Your app can use it to resume suspended activities or perform any other work necessary to make itself ready for interaction. Refer to the AdMob AdListener example for an implementation of the ad listener methods in the Android API Demo app.
onAdFailedToLoad()	The onAdFailedToLoad() method is the only one that includes a parameter. The error parameter of type LoadAdError describes what error occurred. For more information, refer to the Debugging Ad Load Errors documentation.
onAdImpression()	The onAdImpression() method is invoked when an impression is recorded for an ad.
onAdLoaded()	The onAdLoaded() method is executed when an ad has finished loading. If you want to delay adding the AdView to your activity or fragment until you're sure an ad will be loaded, for example, you can do so here.
onAdOpened()	The onAdOpened() method is invoked when an ad opens an overlay that covers the screen.

Hardware acceleration for video ads

In order for video ads to show successfully in your banner ad views, hardware acceleration must be enabled.

Hardware acceleration is enabled by default, but some apps may choose to disable it. If this applies to your app, we recommend enabling hardware acceleration for Activity classes that use ads.

Enabling hardware acceleration

If your app does not behave properly with hardware acceleration turned on globally, you can control it for individual activities as well. To enable or disable hardware acceleration, you can use the android:hardwareAccelerated attribute for the <application> and <activity> elements in your AndroidManifest.xml. The following example enables hardware acceleration for the entire app but disables it for one activity:

<application android:hardwareAccelerated="true">
    <!-- For activities that use ads, hardwareAcceleration should be true. -->
    <activity android:hardwareAccelerated="true" />
    <!-- For activities that don't use ads, hardwareAcceleration can be false. -->
    <activity android:hardwareAccelerated="false" />
</application>

See the Hardware acceleration guide for more information about options for controlling hardware acceleration. Note that individual ad views cannot be enabled for hardware acceleration if the activity is disabled, so the activity itself must have hardware acceleration enabled.

Additional resources

Examples on GitHub

• Anchored adaptive banner ads example: Java | Kotlin

• Advanced features demo: Java | Kotlin

Next steps

Collapsible banners

Collapsible banner ads are banner ads that are initially presented as a larger overlay, with a button to collapse the ad to a smaller size. Consider using it to further optimize your performance. See collapsible banner ads for more details.

Inline adaptive banners

Inline adaptive banners are larger, taller banners compared to anchored adaptive banners. They are of variable height, and can be as tall as the device screen. Inline adaptive banners are recommended over anchored adaptive banner ads for apps that place banner ads in scrollable content. See inline adaptive banners for more details.

Explore other topics

• User privacy
• Optimize SDK initialization and ad loading (beta)